• Last lesson
    • Aristobulus’ short rule
    • Profane rule of Jannaeus
    • Alexandra Salome’s accomplishments
    • Rivalry of brothers
    • Idumean intrigue
    • First of the Herodians
  • This lesson
    • Adventures of Aristobulus II
    • Herodian Dynasty solidifies
    • The last Hasmonean
    • The reign of Herod the Great, Part 1
  • Antipater is governor
    • Court Julius Caesar’s favor
    • Appointed procurator of Judea
  • Judean semi-autonomy
  • Antipater appoints sons to power
    • Phasael becomes governor of Jerusalem
    • Herod appointed governor of Galilee
  • Aristobulus unchained
    • Escapes Rome in 57 B.C.
    • Another rebellion against Rome
  • Chased into Syria by Romans
    • Trapped in Machaerus
    • Prisoner of Rome – again
  • “Kindness” of Julius Caesar
  • Pompey’s intervention
  • Malice Malichus
    • Taxed by Cassius
    • Saved by Antipater
    • Completes his mission anyway in 43 B.C.
  • Herod and brother are Tetrarchs
    • Herod is over Galilee
    • Phasael is over Judea
    • War of 40 B.C.
  • War of 40 B.C.
    • Antigonus revolts
      • Herod and Phasael defend Jerusalem
      • Antigonus allies with Parthia
      • Invades eastern portion of the region
      • Phasael and Hyranus taken prisoner
      • Phasael dies and Hyrcanus banished
        • Antigonus permanently removes Hyrcanus II from high priesthood by having his servants bite off his ears. (c.f. Leviticus 21:17-24)
      • Herod escapes to Rome
    • Antigonus now king and high priest
  • Herod now hero in Rome
    • Paraded by Caesar before the senate
    • Given title
    • Sent home with an army
  • Herod prevails against Antigonus
    • Sends Antigonus to Marc Anthony
    • Disposes of him
  • Herod solidifies position
    • Marries granddaughter of John Hyrcanus II
    • Appoints Aristobulus III as high priest in 36 B.C.
    • Brings John Hyrcanus II home from exile
    • Aristobulus retires a year later, age 18
    • Hyrcanus “retires” at age 80 in 30 B.C.
  • End of the Hasmonean “problem”
    • Herod still doesn’t feel secure
      • Mariamne I accused and tried
      • Her mother testifies against her
      • Mariamne found guilty, executed
      • Mother self-declares as queen, is executed
    • Two more “problems”
      • Sons Alexander and Aristobulus accused
      • Turned over to Octavius for execution
  • No Hasmoneans are left alive
  • Herod in power many years
    • Reigned 33 years (not in power all of them)
    • Lived 70 years
  • Both praised and reviled
    • Much elaborate infrastructure
      • Multiple palaces
      • Aqueducts, ports, roads, etc.
      • Major temple renovation
    • Ruthless, even to own family
  • Coming weeks
    • More of the Herodian Dynasty
    • Role of women in Jewish society
    • Social strata of Jerusalem
    • Religious sects
    • Purification
    • Laws of the Sabbath