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  • Introduction
    • We are admonished to remember God.
    • Deuteronomy 4:23
    • Psalms 9:17
    • II Peter 1:9
    • James 1:25
  • Rainbow: Genesis 9:8-15
  • Sabbath: Exodus 20:11; Deuteronomy 5:15
    • Deuteronomy 5:3 – Sabbath was for all the Hebrew nation at that time. It is not for us today.
  • Passover: Exodus 12:11, 14
    • II Thessalonians 1:8-9
  • Omer of manna: Exodus 16:32-36
  • Lord’s Supper: I Corinthians 11:24-25

For further study, see also:

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  • The legacy of Exodus
    • Deliverance/freedom
      • God is able to deliver His people from slavery.
      • Leviticus 26:13; Judges 6:7-10; Leviticus 11:45; Isaiah 48:20-21; Jeremiah 16:14-15; Psalms 77:20
      • John 8:31-34 – Jesus delivers us from slavery to sin, just as God delivered the Israelites from physical slavery.
    • Provisions
      • God provides for the needs of His people.
      • Psalms 78:24-25; John 6:31-35
      • Nor reading your Bible is like failing to pick up manna from Heaven!
    • Lack of faith
      • Despite God’s blessings, His people tend to turn their backs on Him.
      • I Samuel 10:17-19
      • Psalm 78:42-53; 81:10-16; I Corinthians 10:1-7
      • Hebrews 10:28-29
    • Law
      • God’s law is a blessing for His people.
      • Romans 3:1-2
      • Jeremiah 31:31-34
    • Power and glory of God
      • God’s mighty hand in Egypt displayed His power and made a name for Himself.
      • I Samuel 6:6; Psalms 105:26-45; Isaiah 63:12; Romans 9:17
    • Tabernacle
      • The tabernacle Moses built is but a shadow of the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched.
      • Hebrews 8:1-6; 9:1-12
      • Acts 7:35-44

For further study, see also:

Questions or comments? Join our Discord server for further study.


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  • Last lesson:
    • Simon
    • John Hyrcanus
    • Expansion of Judea
    • Doctrine of proselytizing
  • Effects of expansion
    • Observance of law vs. proselytizing
    • Hellenized cities vs. Easternized
    • Idumea
      • Mass forced conversion
      • Defections
      • Conversion not necessarily assimilation
    • Galilee
      • Hick town north of Samaria
      • Barriers to interaction
  • Who were the Samaritans?
    • Occupiers of northern kingdom of Israel
      • Other nations that had been deported
      • Deported yet again – to Samaria ~ 700 BC
    • Perplexed at problems
      • Attacked by wild animals
      • Wanted to appease “god of this land”
  • The fix
    • Assyrian king sends a priest
      • Good choice?
      • Did he teach them well?
    • Initial results
      • “Feared God”
      • Kept high places
      • Jehovah treated as just another god
  • Samaria often refuge for renegades
    • Priest named Manasseh (409 BC – Nehemiah 13:28)
    • Builds temple
  • Samaritans begin abandoning other gods
  • Doctor scripture to reflect their “reality”
  • Progress of Samaritan “Jewishness”
  • Destruction of temple at Mt. Gerizim
  • Continued use of Mt. Gerizim
  • Speaking of temples
    • Temple at Elephantine
    • Temple at Heliopolis
  • Justification
    • Isaiah 19:19
    • Does this work?
    • Highlights problems of interpretation
  • What happened to them?
  • John Hyrcanus designates wife as heir
    • As ruler, not as priest
    • He dies in 104, son imprisons her
  • Aristobulus now rules
    • Declares himself as both priest and king
    • Conquers the rest of Galilee and Iturea
    • Imprisons his three brothers
    • Dies of illness after one year
  • Wife of Aristobulus nicer than husband
  • Jannaeus now high priest and king
    • Marries brother’s widow, Alexandra
    • Spent younger years in Galilee
    • Vigorous military campaigns
      • Gained much territory
      • Lost same within several years
    • Persecuted Pharisees
    • Mocked the feasts
  • Civil war
    • Pharisees vs. Sadducees, Hasmoneans
    • 50,000 killed in six years
    • Pharisees appeal to Seleucids for help
      • Jannaeus dies in 76 BC
      • Queen Salome Alexandra takes throne
      • She sides with Pharisees
      • Pharisees dump foreign tyrants for native tyrant
  • Queen Alexandra
    • Establishes Sanhedrin
      • Rabbinical council
      • Religious legislative powers
      • Judicial authority
    • Strengthens Judean army
    • Appoints son, John Hurcanus II, as high priest
    • She dies in 67 BC
    • Son takes throne
  • Coming weeks
    • Fall of Hasmonean Dynasty
    • Roman intrigue, dominance
    • Beginning of the Herodian Dynasty
    • The role of women in Jewish society
    • The social strata of Jerusalem
    • Unclean, unwhole
    • The Sabbath and its laws
  • Homework!
    • Read:
      • Matthew 2:1-22
      • Mark 3:6
      • Luke 3:1, 19-20; 8:1-2; 9:1-9; 13:31-32; 23:6-12
      • Mark 6:7-29; 8:15; 12:13
      • Acts 12:1-23

For further study, see also:

Questions or comments? Join our Discord server for further study.


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  • I Timothy 4:16
  • John 6:44-45
  • Hebrews 5:12
  • Qualities of a good Bible class teacher
    • Be a genuine Christian
      • This requires the right information and the right disposition (“spirit and truth”).
        • Philippians 1:18 – teaching with wrong disposition
      • I Corinthians 9:27
      • I John 2:15-16
      • Those who practice sin should not teach classes.
      • Those who are careless with their attendance should not teach classes.
    • Be sound in doctrine
      • Titus 2:1, 8
      • II Timothy 1:3
    • Be honest and open
      • Acts 15:21
      • Psalm 119:128 – The teacher must love truth and hate error.
    • Be diligent in study
    • Be dependable
    • Pray about it
      • I Thessalonians 5:17

For further study, see also:

Questions or comments? Join our Discord server for further study.


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  • Acts 3:1-10 – Peter heals the lame man
  • Our hardships can be an opportunity for God to display His power.
    • II Corinthians 12:7-10 – Paul’s thorn in the flesh
    • Genesis 45:3-8; 50:19-21 – God used Joseph to achieve His plans.
    • James 5:13-15
  • How we handle a hardship can draw people to (or drive them away from) God.
    • Acts 3:11-26
    • Acts 4:8-22 – Peter and John use their arrest as an opportunity to teach.
    • Acts 16:16-34 – Paul and Silas use their imprisonment to teach the jailer and the other prisoners.
    • Job 2:9 – Job’s wife did not handle the suffering well. She turned away from God and encouraged Job to do the same.
  • Tell others how God has helped us and what He has accomplished in us because of our hardship.
    • Deuteronomy 6:20-25
    • If we genuinely appreciate what God has done for us, it is much easier to be motivated to talk to others about God!

For further study, see also:

Questions or comments? Join our Discord server for further study.


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© 2026, Mark Watson

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