Nahum 1:1-3:19

Introduction

• Nahum means “consolation.”

  • The only consolation we read about in the book is that Assyria would no longer bother Judah.

• Doom was at hand for Assyria. Ninevah had repented 150 years earlier after Jonah’s prophecy, but not was in terrible condition.

• The book was written between 663 and 612 B.C., between the fall of Egypt and the fall of Assyria.

• Nahum was contemporary with Jeremiah, Zephaniah, and Habakkuk.

Nahum 1

• Nahum 1:3-5 – God is over all things.

• God’s judgments are always right and there will be no one who can stand against them.

Nahum 2

• Facing God in judgment, Ninevah is doomed.

• Nahum 2:4, 6-9 – The severity of the battle.

• Nahum 2:11-13 – Ninevah’s great lions (rulers) would now meet their doom.

Nahum 3

• Woe to the bloody city! Ninevah had shed much blood.

• Nahum 3:4 – This is probably referring to spiritual adultery – idolatry.

• Nahum 3:5 – Ninevah’s nakedness would be exposed.

• Nahum 3:7 – Ninevah’s destruction would be seen by all.

• Nahum 3:8 – Ninevah’s destruction compared to that of Thebes (No-amon).

• Nahum 3:18 – The leaders of Ninevah would slumber in dust.

• Nahum 3:19 – Ninveah’s destruction would be complete and all would rejoice over their destruction.

Lessons for us:

• The Lord is slow to anger and good to those who repent before Him.

Next up: Habakkuk

Matthew 10:13-14

Make no mistake – Jesus is the Judge!

• John 5:17-30 – Jesus and the Father are united in all things.

• Acts 10:42; 17:30-31 – The story of Jesus di not end with the resurrection.

• II Corinthians 5:10

Judgement Day is coming.

• Mark 9:31-32

• Matthew 16:27 – Jesus will come and repay every man according to his deeds.

• I Corinthians 11:26

• Matthew 25:31-46 – Sheep separated from goats, the righteous from the unrighteous.

• Matthew 13:30, 40-43

• Matthew 13:47-50

• Judgment will happen, whether we understand it or not!

We will see Jesus in His majesty!

• Matthew 25:31-34

• Philippians 2:9-11

• Jesus will no longer be scorned. Every tongue will confess Him on that day!

It will be horrible for most people.

• Matthew 7:!3-14

• John 3:16-18

• II Thessalonians 1:7-10 – Jesus will come in retribution!

• Mark 8:38

• II Corinthians 5:10

Accepting the gospel will pay off eternally!

• II Timothy 4:1-2, 8 – Learn the Word and obey it!

• Philippians 3:20

• Romans 2:16

• John 12:48 – Jesus’ words will judge us!

I Thessalonians 5:1-28

I Thessalonians 5:1-11 – The day of the Lord

• I Thessalonians 5:1 - Example of paralipsis.

• I Thessalonians 5:2 – The day of the Lord will be unexpected.

• I Thessalonians 5:3 – Sudden destruction will come like labor pains upon a woman.

• I Thessalonians 5:6, 7, 10 – Different uses of the word “sleep.”

  • I Thessalonians 5:6 – Sleep = spiritual diligence

  • I Thessalonians 5:7 – Sleep = physical sleep

  • I Thessalonians 5:10 – Sleep = physical death

  • Compare II Corinthians 5:21, where sin is used two different ways.

• This should encourage us. We do not fear death – we are looking forward to better things!

I Thessalonians 5:12-13 – Appreciate those who diligently labor among you.

• Elders are the ones that have “charge over” a church. Compare I Timothy 3:5; I Peter 5:1-2; Hebrews 13:17

• Acts 14:1, 6, 21, 23 – Elders were appointed relatively quickly here.

• Brethren are to appreciate their elders.

I Thessalonians 5:14 – We urge you, brethren

• “admonish the unruly”

• “encourage the fainthearted”

• “help the week”

• “be patient with everyone”

I Thessalonians 5:15-28 – Various instructions

• I Thessalonians 5:19-22 – “Don’t quench the Spirit.” Compare I John 4:1. There were false prophets in the world. It’s possible people were getting frustrated and refusing to listen to anyone, whether they were true prophets or not. Acts 7:51-52

• I Thessalonians 5:26 – The “holy kiss.” Kissing as a greeting was a common custom of the day. Romans 16:16. Paul was regulating a custom that was already in use, encouraging them to keep it holy.

Authority = right, liberty

• Deity

  • Father, Son, Holy Spirit – Genesis 1:1; Hebrews 1:1-2; John 8:28-29; 16:13-15

  • Ultimate authority starts with God.

• Inspired people

  • Apostles, prophets (John 16:13-15; Acts 8:14-17)

  • These people carried the authority of God.

• Inspired scripture

  • Bible – I Thessalonians 2:13

• Deity > Inspired people > Inspired scripture

Gather all the facts

• Commands

  • Matthew 28:18-20; Luke 17:7-10; I Corinthians 7:19; I Thessalonians 4:1-2, 11; II Thessalonians 3:4-6, 10-12; II Peter 2:21-3:2; I John 2:3-4; 3:22-24; 4:21-5:3; II John 1:4-6

• Statements

  • Psalms 119:104; Matthew 10:34-37; 15:9; 21:42-45; Acts 20:35

• Examples

  • John 15:12; Acts 20:35; I Corinthians 4:16; 10:6-11; 11:1; Philippians 3:17; 4:9; I Thessalonians 1:6; II Thessalonians 3:7-9; Hebrews 4:11; 3 John 1:9-11

• Inferences

  • Creation > Romans 1:18-21

  • Genesis 2:24 > Matthew 19:3-6

  • Genesis 3:14-18 + Psalms 110:4 > Hebrews 7:7-11; 8:6

  • Exodus 3:6 > Mark 12:26-27

  • Psalms 16:10 > Acts 2:24-32

  • Psalms 110:1 > Matthew 22:41-46; Acts 2:33-36

  • Matthew 9:6 > Matthew 9:2

  • Acts 16:9 > Acts 16:10

Harmonize the facts into a conclusion

• Matthew 4:5-7 – “On the other hand, it is written …”

  • The devil correctly quotes Psalm 91. Jesus then shows the importance of harmonizing all the facts.

• Acts 10

  • Vision: Acts 10:10-16, unclean animals, “God has cleansed”

  • Spirit: Acts 10:19-21, “accompany them”

  • Angel to Cornelius: Acts 10:5, 22, “send for … Peter”

  • Peter infers/concludes: Acts 10:28, 34-35, “I should not call any man unholy or unclean”

• Acts 11

  • Acts 11:5-10 – The vision and the commands

  • Acts 11:11-14 – The angel telling Cornelius to send messengers

  • Acts 11:12

  • Acts 11:15-16

  • Jews infer/conclude: Acts 11:18, “God has granted to the Gentiles also the repentance that leads to life”

• Acts 15

  • Acts 15:6-11 – Inference from events with Cornelius

  • Acts 15:12 – Paul and Barnabas: examples from first preaching journey

  • Acts 15:13-18 – James: statements from prophets

  • Apostles and elders lead them to a conclusion – “do not trouble” Gentiles (Acts 15:19)

• I Corinthians 9

  • Statement: Deuteronomy 25:4 (I Corinthians 9:9a)

  • Inference: From Deuteronomy 25:4 (I Corinthians 9:9b-10)

  • Example: Old Covenant priests (I Corinthians 9:13)

  • Command: Jesus, Luke 10:7-8 (I Corinthians 9:14)

  • Paul leads them to a conclusion: Preachers have a “right” to support (I Corinthians 9:4-6, 18)

What we need to know

• We must reason logically and objectively from the text. Acts 17:2, 17; 18:4, 19, 28

• The failure to do so has resulted in tons of religious division and error. Matthew 15:3-9

• This did not originate with the Restoration Movement. II Timothy 2:15

Zephaniah 1:1-3:20

Introduction

• Zephaniah was the son of Hezekiah, contemporary with Jeremiah. He prophesied in the days of Josiah, 630-608 B.C., 20 years before the first group from Judah was taken into Babylonian captivity.

• II Kings 22:15-20

Message of the book: judgment is coming because of disobedience

Zephaniah 1 – God’s judgment was coming on Judah

• Zephaniah 1:17 – The reason for judgment: sin against the Lord.

Zephaniah 2:1-3:8 – Call to repentance.

• Zephaniah 3:1 – Woe to the city!

Zephaniah 3:9-20 – There would be salvation for a remnant.

• This could be a Messianic prophecy. Physically, Judah never really prospered after returning from captivity. We are the new temple of God (I Corinthians 3:16; 2 Corinthians 6:16).

• In Zephaniah 3:13-20, God repeatedly says “I will” do this or that, which would seem to indicate Christ’s activities and the result of them.

Lessons for us:

• The salvation God provides is a gift from the Lord. No one earns or merits it.

• The day of the Lord is a day of gloom and punishment for the wicked, but a day of glory for the righteous.

• Those who respond to the call will be saved. Matthew 11:27-28

• God is always in the midst of His people. I John 1:6-7

• God makes His people to be an upright people.

Next up: Nahum