Four fundamental questions

  1. Does God exist?
  2. Is the God of the Bible the real God?
  3. Is the Bible from God?
  4. Is the Bible accurate in all it communicates?

Three personal questions

Why do I believe?

  • Why do I believe God exists?
  • Why do I believe the Bible tells about the true God?
  • Why do I believe the Bible is from God?
  • Why do I believe the Bible is accurate?

How do I know?

  • How do I know God exists?
  • How do I know the Bible tells about the true God?
  • How do I know the Bible is from God?
  • How do I know the Bible is accurate?

How will you respond?

  • Believe them
  • Doubt them but for no particular reason
  • Disagree vehemently by using weak arguments
  • Lovingly, firmly, and fearlessly reject what is false and demonstrate for them the truth

Apologetics

  • Acts 24:10; 25:8, 16; 26:1-2, 24; II Timothy 4:16
    • Paul in court
  • Acts 22:1
    • Paul before the Jewish mob
  • II Corinthians 9:3
    • Paul, defending his right to receive wages as a preacher and his decision not to do so from the Corinthians
  • Philippians 1:7, 16
    • Paul’s defense and confirmation of the gospel
  • I Peter 3:15
    • Always ready to make a defense

Paul’s apologetics in I Corinthians 9

Defense #1: Paul’s “right to eat and drink”

  • Argues from consistency - I Corinthians 9:5-6
  • Argues from similarity - I Corinthians 9:7
  • Argues from authoritative precedent - I Corinthians 9:9-10, 13
  • Argues from lesser to greater (~a fortiori) - I Corinthians 9:11
  • Argues from moral fairness - I Corinthians 9:12
  • Argues with appeal to ultimate authority directly on the question at hand - I Corinthians 9:14

Defense #2: Just because Paul didn’t exercise his “right to eat and drink” did not make him less of an apostle

  • External motivation: To cause no hindrance - I Corinthians 9:12
  • Purpose: Would not make his boast an empty one - I Corinthians 9:15
  • Internal motivation: Preaching voluntarily brought a reward - I Corinthians 9:17
  • Personal trustworthiness: A pattern of life to not exercise freedom, for the benefit of others - I Corinthians 9:19-22
  • Higher objective: For the sake of the gospel - I Corinthians 9:23
  • Charitable outlook: To share in the blessings with those he sacrificed for - I Corinthians 9:23
  • Consistent with his foundation for life: Lived with purpose - I Corinthians 9:25-27

What specifically are we defending?

  • Could be anything
    • The plan of salvation
    • Work, worship, and organization of churches
    • Biblical views of sexual morality
  • For this class, foundational beliefs that all the rest depend on
    • Does God exist?
    • Is the God of the Bible the real God?
    • Is the Bible from God?
    • Is the Bible accurate in all it communicates?

Purpose in apologetics

  • I Peter 3:15 – Be ready to make a defense.