• Exodus 11-13
  • The Passover (Exodus 12:27)
    • Hebrews 11:27
Passover Feast & Lamb Jesus
Observed night of Exodus (Exodus 12:11-12) Observed night of arrest (Luke 22:7, 54)
Old Covenant memorial (Luke 22:14-15) New Covenant memorial (Luke 22:19-20)
Israel’s Passover (Exodus 12:47) Our Passover (I Corinthians 5:7)
Unblemished (Exodus 12:5) Unblemished (I Peter 1:19)
No bones broken (Exodus 12:46) No bones broken (John 19:36)
Saved by its blood (Exodus 12:13) Saved by His blood (Romans 5:9)
Must apply the blood (Exodus 12:22) Must apply His blood (Romans 6:3-4)
  • Plague #10: Death of the firstborn (Exodus 12:28-32)
    • Egyptian gods:
      • Pharaoh – son of Ra, incarnation of Horus
      • Pharaoh’s son – born of the gods
      • Anubis – god of death/embalming
      • Min – god of procreation/reproduction
      • Isis – associated with reproduction
      • Hathor – one of 7 deities who attended births
      • Apis bull – sacred, firstborn animal
    • This plague was catastrophic, touching even Pharaoh’s own family. Notice the difference between Exodus 5:2 and 12:31-32. God sent an unforgettable message: You have enslaved my firstborn; I have killed your firstborn (Exodus 4:22-23).
  • The Exodus (Exodus 12:33-51)
    • Moses led 600,000 men (Exodus 12:37; perhaps 2,000,000 people total) out of Egypt.
    • God holds the future in His hands! II Peter 3:10-11
  • How long were they in Egypt?
    • Exodus 12:40-41
    • Genesis 15:13-14
    • Acts 7:6
  • 430 years in Egypt? But what about this?
    • Math from genealogies (Exodus 6:16-20; I Chronicles 23:6-13)
      • This allows a maximum of 350 years)
    • Galatians 3:16-17
      • Promises to Abraham à leave Egypt, get law = 430 years
    • Other ancient sources
      • Septuagint
      • Samaritan Pentateuch
    • Possibly God counted the years of Abraham and his family in Canaan, which was 215 years. This would allow 215 years to be in Egypt.