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  • Judges 2:13-20 – Summary of the cycle of the judges.
  • Quick facts about the judges
    • The tribes were surrounded by enemies. Judges 1:27-3:5
      • Judges 2:20-3:5 – God used these enemies to punish the Israelites for sin.
    • The same cycle keeps repeating.
    • The judges were mainly military leaders. Deuteronomy 16:18-20; 17:8-13; Judges 4:4-5; 3:9-11
    • Depending on how you count, there were 12-18 judges.
    • The judges seem to be local leaders. Judges 4:10; 7:23ff; 12:1
    • The time periods of the judges may have overlapped.
      • About 114 years of total oppression
      • About 296 years of total rest
  • Lessons we need today
    • Always choosing the please myself is a terrible way to live!
      • Judges 3:5
      • Judges 17:6; 21:25; 17:7-13
      • Judges 19-20 – Benjamin defeated and nearly destroyed
      • James 3:13-18
    • God is willing to punish and forgive
      • Judges 6:1-14; 7-8 – Gideon defeats the Midianites.
      • God was willing to punish His people when they sinned. Hebrews 10:31
      • The cycle:
        • Judges 5:31b – Rest and peace
        • Judges 6:1 – Sin → oppression (Judges 6:2-5)
        • Judges 6:6-10 – Cries to God
        • Judges 6:11-14 – Judge to deliver
        • Repeat
      • God saw the horrible things in Judges and forgave.
      • God knows how to fix what is broken for everyone!
        • I John 4:14; I John 1:9

For further study, see also:

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  • Psalms 19-22
  • Psalms 19:12-13 – Compare Leviticus 16:21-22, 30, 34 and Hebrews 5:1-3. Our hidden faults are sins we have committed unknowingly. Under the Old Covenant, the scapegoat took on all the sins of the congregation – not just those they were aware of.
  • Psalms 21 – The king rejoices in God’s salvation.
  • Psalms 22 – We know this is a Messianic psalm because it is quoted in the New Testament and applied to Jesus.
  • Psalms 22:1
    • John 8:28-29 – God has never forsaken someone for doing that which pleased Him.
    • John 16:31-32
    • When Jesus quoted this psalm on the cross, He was bringing the entire contents of the psalm to the crowd’s attention.
    • Luke 23:48
    • Jesus did not become a sinner on the cross – He became a scapegoat to carry our sins away.
    • I Peter 1:19

For further study, see also:

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  • Last lesson
    • More aspects of Herod’s rule
    • The temple renovations by Herod
    • How Jerusalem of Herod’s day appeared
  • This lesson
    • Finish Lesson 8!
    • Role of women in 1st century Jewish society
  • Absence from history of killing infants
    • Josephus was not a Christian
    • He was a Pharisee
    • No interest in promoting Jesus as the Messiah
    • What about the Testimonium Flavianum?
    • Was it consistent with Herod’s behavior?
  • How did Jerusalem appear in 1st century?
    • Why might it matter?
    • What is to gain?
  • What do we have to work with?
    • Archaeological finds
    • Verbal descriptions from the time
    • Resultant cartographers’ and artists’ depictions
    • Matthew 23:29-39
    • Matthew 24:1-3
    • Luke 19:36-44
    • II Kings 20:20 – Hezekiah’s tunnel

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  • Introduction
    • Mark 16:15-16
    • Acts 2:38
    • I Peter 3:18-22
  • Error #1: Christianity is virtually ALL about baptism.
    • Galatians 3:27; Colossians 2:12
    • Acts 8:12-13, 18-23 – Simon was baptized and then sinned. Peter told him he had to repent. The story wasn’t over once Simon was baptized!
    • Baptism is required and important, but it’s not the only
  • Error #2: God’s grace plays a minor role.
    • Titus 3:1-8 – Righteous deeds are important, but the emphasis is on God’s grace.
    • Ephesians 2:4-10
    • Galatians 2:21
  • Error #3: It’s the end instead of the beginning.
    • Acts 11:23-26
    • Acts 15:36
    • Acts 18:8, 11 – Why would Paul stay so long if they were already baptized?
    • Romans 5:20-6:2
    • Ephesians 4:1
    • Matthew 28:18-20

For further study, see also:

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  • Psalms 14-19
  • Psalms 14:1 – Compare Psalms 53.
  • Psalms 16:10-11 – This indicates there would be a resurrection. Compare Acts 2:25-31. Peter applies this to Christ.
  • Psalms 17 – A prayer of David for God’s help.
  • Psalms 19:1 – See Romans 1:20.
  • Psalms 19:12-13 – Presumptuous sins are those that are committed knowingly. Secret sins are those that are committed unknowingly. These two verses are a contrast. Compare the contrast that is made in Acts 17:30.

For further study, see also:

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