-- / --

Galatians 2, continued

Galatians 2:10

  • How does verse 10 (remembering the poor) belong in the discussion?
  • A condition of accepting Gentiles into the church?
    • How would one know?
    • When would one be accepted?
  • Was there any indication that it was not being done?
    • On the contrary – Acts 11:28-30
  • Why has Paul included this note?
    • Did it change Paul’s behavior or the Gentiles’ behavior?
  • Conspicuous for what it is not
    • Not a burden from Old Law
    • Not condition of acceptance
    • Not a commandment to Gentiles
    • “Take care,” “Drive safe!”
    • Paul states he was already eager to do this
    • James, Peter, John not exercising authority over him
    • Paul on equal footing as apostle

Galatians 2:11-14

  • Don’t know when
  • Prior to writing Galatians
    • After the events of Acts 15
  • How bad did Peter’s conduct appear? Condemnable
  • Withdrew from Gentiles with whom he previously socialized
    • Who were Christians
    • Members at Antioch
  • What power did “certain men” have over him?
    • Nothing said
    • No negative example
    • Presence altered Peter’s behavior
  • What makes this hypocrisy?
    • Acts 10:34
    • Acts 11:2-3
  • What was Peter afraid of?
    • Party of the circumcision
    • Why?
    • Remove their approval of him?
    • Whose favor was he seeking?
    • Galatians 1:10
    • Matthew 10:28
    • Matthew 18:6
  • The effect of Peter’s hypocrisy
    • Even the son of encouragement was led astray into hypocrisy
  • Paul not leads the reader into the heart of the problem in verse 14
  • What was Peter doing with regards to the truth of the gospel?
    • Made them not walk uprightly
    • In effect, teaching another gospel
    • What had Paul said about that (Galatians 1:8-9)?
  • Done before all, rebuked before all
    • Correct and appropriate
      • Acting contrary to the gospel
      • Carrying away others into same hypocrisy
    • How many followed Peter’s wrong path?
    • Open versus private rebuke

Galatians 2:15-17

  • Part of Paul’s rebuke to Peter, or written only to Galatians?
    • “May it never be!” seen ten times in Romans in writing
    • Two other times here in Galatians
    • More likely written rather than spoken
  • Our justification must be by faith in Christ Jesus
    • Can’t come from works of law
  • Our obedient faith in Christ admits
    • We’ve sinned
    • Can’t be saved by works of law
  • Our only appeal to justification is to Jesus
    • Subsequent return to law, no justification from sin
    • Would Jesus, then, be a minister of sin?
      • May it never be!

Galatians 2:18-21

  • Peter tore down
    • Rule of Law of Moses over his life – couldn’t justify
    • Departed the Law for Jesus – only source of justification
    • Justification by faith, not by the law
    • Took an even standing with Gentiles, who received the same justification
  • He built back up
    • Returned to isolation from Gentiles
    • Returned to vestiges of the Law
    • Dividied the church at Antioch
    • Put a burden on Gentile Christians
      • Had to take on Law of Moses to have Peter’s approval
      • Took them back to a non-justifying law
  • The law itself took the law away
    • By Christ fulfilling it – Matthew 5:17
    • Life in Christ and death to the Law – Romans 7:4-6
  • Christ living in us means
    • We no longer guide ourselves, but are led by Christ
    • Live by faith in Christ, not by works of Law
    • Jesus gave Himself toward that end – for our justification by faith
    • It was because of his loving kindness toward us
  • What if the law could justify?
    • It would nullify God’s grace
    • It would bring to nothing the sacrifice of the Son of God
      • It would not be needed

For further study, see also:

Questions or comments? Join our Discord server for further study.


Sorry, no audio available for this lesson.

Acts 14:15 says that God made “heaven and earth, and the sea, and all things that are therein.” In Genesis 1 we have recorded several times that “God looked upon that which He made and saw that it was good.” He made light, firmament, sun, moon, stars, plant life, fish, fowl, cattle, and man. God saw that all He made was very good. But of all that He created in six days, man was His special creation. But He was not through creating; His most glorious creation was yet to come. We read of this new creation in 2 Corinthians 5:17. “Therefore if any man be in Christ, he is a new creation.” (ESV) This is His most glorious work. Read Ephesians 3:3-11.

Paul’s assigned work was to preach to Gentiles, Jews, and kings (Acts 9:15). He did his work. He preached to Gentiles. He preached to Jews, and he preached to kings (Acts 26:13). He did not preach to make celestial angels see the wisdom of God as many try to make this passage say. Principalities and powers in heavenly places does not refer to celestial angels. It speaks of rulers in high places. Chapter 6 verse 12 gives us the key to how “heavenly” is used in Ephesians. “Heavenly” refers to the highest of the class being discussed. Principalities, powers, and rulers of darkness of this world certainly do not refer to things in heaven. They speak of men in high places. “Heavenly” is thus used in Ephesians 2:6; 1:20; 3:10. Just as the temple showed the wisdom of Solomon, the church the saved relationship in Christ Jesus shows the manifold wisdom God more than any other of His creation.

Man cannot improve upon the things God created in six days, and he knows it. And man cannot improve upon God’s most glorious work, but many think they can. Man today has the audacity to set aside God’s most glorious work by building and upholding manmade institutions of religion and asserting that they are better than God’s most glorious work. Every denomination is an example of this very thing. Christians have long marveled that man could be so bold and disrespectful. But today many who claim to be saints in Christ’s church are caught up in the same error.

Whatever it is called, if it solicits contributions in order to do the worship and work that God specified the church to do it has gone beyond the doctrine of Christ. And when they condemn denominations, they condemn themselves, Romans 2:21. They have become a completely different fellowship than God’s most glorious work.

In this church which is God’s most glorious work saints are to function individually. Passages like Ephesians 4:28 and 1 Timothy 5:16 show this to be so. And saints are to function collectively, under common oversight and with pooled resources. Passages like Acts 20:28, Ephesians 5:19 and 1 Corinthians 16:1-2 show this to be so.

The local church is all that we need for together and collective functions in the things of Christ. To build human institutions to do the work assigned the local church shows a lack of respect for God’s Word and His local church arrangement. If a work has been assigned for a local church, the local church is sufficient to do it. If a work has not been assigned for local church function local church funds should not be used to do it, nor should elders oversee it.

God’s saved relationship is the only relationship in which one can be saved and the local church is the only relationship for work assigned to be done under a common oversight and with pooled resources. When we do individual and congregationally that which has been so assigned, the church magnifies the manifold wisdom of God. But when men do not respect God’s arrangement for both individual and congregational work, they do not show God’s wisdom to anyone.

One final word: Paul considered his service in Christ to be a gift of grace and so should we. Paul’s service was and ours is to teach the unsearchable riches of Christ, and then live it.

Jesse Jenkins

For further study, see also:

Questions or comments? Join our Discord server for further study.


-- / --

I Corinthians 3:6-23

  • I Corinthians 3:6-8 – Figure 1: Plants
    • See Acts 18:11; 19:1. Paul and Apollos did their part, but the emphasis should be on God and His word. We should be disciples of Jesus – not of men.
  • I Corinthians 3:9-15 – Figure 2: Building
    • Do good work for God! See Philippians 2:15-16. This work is bringing others to Christ.
  • I Corinthians 3:16-17 – Figure 3: Temple of God
    • Do not destroy people’s faith! God’s spirit dwells in us through the word of God. See Matthew 18:6. It is a terrible thing to destroy someone’s faith.
  • I Corinthians 3:18-23 – Wisdom vs. foolishness

For further study, see also:

Questions or comments? Join our Discord server for further study.


-- / --

Introduction

  • Matthew 13:40-43

Hell

Jesus uses the word “Gehenna.”

  • Matthew 23:15 – This word is used twelve times in the New Testament and eleven of those times are by Jesus Himself!
  • Matthew 23:33
  • “Gehenna” is a transliteration of “Valley of Hinnom,” which was a place to dump refuse and burn it. It was a physical place outside Jerusalem.
  • Mark 9:43-48

Hell is a place of horrors!

  • Matthew 5:22, 29-30 – Whatever it takes, avoid hell!
  • This was repeated three times in the gospels, so we need to pay attention.
  • Matthew 8:11
  • If we end up in hell, it is too late to change. There is no hope.
  • Luke 12:4-5

Heaven

We’ll enjoy the presence of God!

  • Hebrews 9:24
  • Matthew 25:34, 41, 46
  • I John 3:1-3
  • I Thessalonians 4:17

We’ll have fellowship with other saints.

  • I Thessalonians 4:15-17
  • Revelation 6:9-11 – They could remember their previous life.

There’ll be no more trouble.

  • Hebrews 4:8-11 – God’s people have a rest in store.
  • Matthew 5:11-12
  • Philippians 3:20-21
  • I Corinthians 15:51
  • Romans 8:31

Conclusion

  • John 5:28-29

For further study, see also:

Questions or comments? Join our Discord server for further study.


-- / --

Galatians 2

Chapter 2 starts

  • Paul has been stressing:
    • No consultations
    • Speaking from revelation
    • Gospel of Jesus
    • His apostleship was genuine

Galatians 2:1-10

  • Paul begins to make his second point
    • First:
      • Direct appointment to apostleship
      • Preaching by revelation of Jesus
    • Second:
      • Fellowship with other apostles
      • Others endorsed his message
  • After 14 years (Galatians 2:1) – a time during which:
    • Galatians heard the gospel and believed
    • Paul established churches
    • No change in message over time
    • He went “up” to Jerusalem
      • Not north/south
      • To Jerusalem – “up”
      • Compare:
        • II Samuel 19:34
        • I Kings 12:28 – Jeroboam, calves
        • II Kings 24:10
        • Ezra 1:3
        • Isaiah 7:1
        • Zechariah 14:17
        • Matthew 20:17
        • Acts – 9 times
  • Which trip was this? The same as Acts 15?
    • Arguments for this being the same trip as mentioned in Acts 15:
      • Together with Barnabas – Acts 15:2; Galatians 2:1
      • From Syria – Acts 14:26-28; Galatians 1:21
      • To Jerusalem – Ats 15:2-4; Galatians 2:1
      • Opposition of Judaizing Christians – Acts 15:5; Galatians 2:3-5
      • Involvement of Peter and James
        • Peter – Acts 15:7-11; Galatians 2:7-9
        • James – Acts 15:13-21; Galatians 2:9
      • All agreed on a conclusion – Acts 15:19-29; Galatians 2:7-10
  • Why take Titus along?
    • Ideas: Challenge to Judaizing Christians:
      • Show of force?
      • See if apostles objected or commanded he be circumcised?
  • Paul says he went up because of a revelation in Galatians 2:2.
    • Acts 15:2 says they were sent by brethren.
    • Discrepancy? No!
    • Look at Peter and Cornelius in Acts 10
      • Cornelius – vision – sent messengers
      • Peter – vision – received messengers – went
      • What he sent or was he summoned?
      • By vision or by human request?
      • Both, of course, just as in Acts 15 and Galatians 2
  • What are these false brethren in Galatians 2:4 – pseudadelphos
    • Two references: Galatians 2:4 and II Corinthians 11:26
    • Pretending, but not brethren
    • Planted by others to spy – motivation
      • Bring Gentile Christians into the bondage of the Law of Moses
      • Why?
      • Jealousy? (Acts 13:45; 17:5)
    • Paul and his group did not give in to them – kept gospel pure for them (Galatians 2:5)
  • Key apostles (those of high reputation, pillars) added nothing to Paul’s message
    • Instead, they granted the right hand of fellowship
    • Agreed to continue the two paths:
      • The twelve to the Jews
      • Paul to the Gentiles
      • Strictly? Who first preached to the Gentiles?
      • How about the men of Cyprus and Cyrene? Barnabas? Acts 11:19-26
      • Who did Paul always go to first? Jews
      • Who had Peter already gone to? Jews AND Gentiles
  • The two-gospel heresy
    • Central reference is Galatians 2:7
      • Gospel “of,”, “for,” or “to” the circumcision/uncircumcision implies separate gospels.
      • Gospel for the Jews, different gospel for the Gentiles.
      • Repentance and baptism for the Jews.
      • Faith and grace for the Gentiles.
    • Problems with this two-gospel idea:
      • Paul in Galatians 1:8-9 (sent to a mixed audience)
      • How did this message change when leaving the synagogue for the Gentiles?
    • Conclusion
      • This is a heresy
      • Perpetrators are to be “anathema”
  • At the conference’s end:
    • The pillars of Jerusalem extend the right hand of fellowship to Paul’s group
    • Only ask to remember the poor
    • What about Acts 15
      • Things polluted by idols
      • Fornication
      • Things strangled
      • Blood
      • These were directed, required, “only burdens” from Old Law
    • “Remember the poor” was a request – Don’t neglect to preach to the poor.
    • Possibly reminiscent of references in Acts 7 and 11 to famines, both actual and prophesied.

For further study, see also:

Questions or comments? Join our Discord server for further study.


Listen on Apple PodcastsListen on Google PodcastsListon on Stitcher

© 2026, Mark Watson

Powered by Gatsby